Review- key learnings for the 4weeks about Enterprise

In the Enterprise lessons, there were various aspects about enterprise which we learned throughout the lessons. However, one of the key learning which I learned is that few key words such as franchise and what does it means within media industry. Franchise can be defined as collection of a media products like TV, films and music. An example of this would-be James bond’s movies collection from ‘Goldeneye to 007’.

Furthermore, one of the other keywords which I’ve learned within the enterprise lesson is called mogul. In the media terminology, it can be described as a tycoon who has control over their media related company or business. An example of this would-be Stacey Sinder who is CEO of 20^th century fox as a mogul she has control over her production house and has right to make decision for her staff members.

In addition to this, also I learned history about Hollywood and how did the film industry started in America in 1918-1928 as well as learned information the main three productions which were establish well throughout the 1920’s and they are Warner Bros, Paramount Pictures and MGM. Also, gain knowledge diverse types of job role they had within industry during those periods of time.

Finally, in the lesson we also learned what is info graphics mean and how to create info graphs through use of an application called Canva. Additionally, infographics can be defined as a visual representation of information through use of a mood board or presentation.

 How can I use this information for future?

I can use this information for future, while creating infographics about the film industry or I can share this information to others by telling them history about Hollywood and how it has developed and well establish comparing to its past condition or experience.

www (what went well)- I learned many new keywords related to enterprise and media industry itself.

EBI (even better if )-I would like to gain more knowledge about enterprise related to digital media industry.

 

 

Final Major Project

Behavioural Research Project

Write a short blog entry explaining, what you understand about rational choice theory vs behaviourism? 

 

What does rational choice theory mean? 

Rational choice theory is an economic rule which tells individuals to make practical and logical decisions. Thus, being able to make these decisions will provide people with the extreme benefit or satisfaction. Furthermore, making a rational decision often involves doing planning and thinking.    

Example of rational choice theory  

For instance, when snack food companies put snacks in bigger containers and people eat more even when they know they should not. The reason people end up doing this despite knowing it is not beneficial for them is because, the marketer of the company of the snacks food in this case promotes the product in a sense. When the customer reads the description of the snack food within the bigger containers makes it more emotionally appealing them because the customer tends to think portion of the snack within the big container might be a lot compare to another one in small container. When the truth is, both container have equal number of snacks. 

Rational choice theory adverts examples Woolworth- 1983

 

Woolworth’s Christmas 1983 advert is an example of a rational choice theory. This is mainly because within this advert, despite the fact they are trying to persuade their target customer to purchase the items and they have done this through doing like musical act mentioning the names of items which they are selling, and the act looks entertaining. However, the targeted customers would not be well pleased to make the decision of buying the items because within the advertisement, the advert’s producer only focused selling product. They did this through including prices at the end. But, they did not think about the message, they would present in the advert and how it would instantly persuade the customers. Therefore, because of this, the customers may/not took the rational decision not purchase the item.  

Morrison’s – Christmas advert 2002 

This advert is example of an rational choice theory advert. This is mainly because within morrison’s christmas advert. They have included price of the item, in this case its carling and within advert, the producers only focused on selling the product,not producing any content or story which would be relatable to. Also, by looking into this  advert. The customers would take rational decision to either purchase the item or not to purchase the item. 

What does behaviourism mean? 

 Behaviourism is based on the idea; all human’s behaviours will develop through their conditioning. All Humans act certain way due to their environment. There are two types of conditioning, one of them is classical conditioning and operant conditioning. 

Example of behaviourism  

when teachers reward their class or students with a party or special treat at the end of the week for good behaviourism throughout the week. The same idea is used with punishments. The teacher can take away certain privileges if the student misbehaves.  

Behaviourism advert Waitrose  

  

Waitrose Christmas 2017 advert is an example of a behaviourism advert. This is mainly because within this advert, the producer hasn’t only just focus on selling the Christmas product. However, they have included a message/storyline within video, which brings Christmas spirit and it influences audiences to like the idea of being together and enjoy Christmas vibes. Also, the idea of this behaviourism advert will influence the targeted audience to think, Waitrose is welcoming and nice company. Also, after watching the advert they will presume that Waitrose’s product must be good.  

Another behaviourism advert 

 

Morrison’s Christmas advert is another example of behaviourism. This is mainly because within this advert, they have mainly focused on telling story of bringing people together and making all families and children happy and pleased on Christmas. Rather than just talking about their products and prices. Furthermore, by creating this advertisement  they are trying persuade to their targeted customers that, Morrison’s will help them find perfect food/items their customers and make them happy.  

 

 

Infographics Reflection

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What Went Well (www)– One of the positive element which went well while researching the infographics itself is that. I had the opportunity to discover and learn the importance of creating an infographic and the fact that, how it can help everyone to easily learn information through just visualising. Additionally, one of the other key aspect which I learn about while researching is that. It can also benefit us in terms of like sharing information in Social Media Platform such as Facebook, Twitter and Instagram etc.

Similarly, one of the positive thing which went well while creating the infographics is that. I included and create charts/data which could provide help me provide information through graphical way rather than writing entire information.

However, one of the negativity which I came across while researching the information and creating the infographics itself is that. The software program which I used to create infographic didn’t had enough free resources such as icons and symbol. Some of them include purchasing the element. Which is not good because it doesn’t benefit me in terms of financially.

EBI (Even Better if)- In future, I could re-do my infographics again. One of the things which I would improve on would be, adding more information into the infographics itself and doing more research about the topic which I am about to reflect upon in the infographics itself. In addition, in terms of adding information and doing researches. Some of the research tools which I would’ve used is doing surveys to Students in schools, mainly questionining them ‘would you be interested doing job role such as ‘cinematographer? and at the end of surveys I would create a Tally chart,which shows in overall how many number of students interested are actually having Job role such as ‘Cinematographer’.

 

 

SWOT Analysis for Cinematography

SWOT analysis for Cinematography

Strength – one of the positive aspects for having cinematographer as job role is that, you can picturise exactly what director wants to showcase in their storyline. Which is virtuous because it shows cases, they have more chance show their creative side through filmmaking.

Weakness- However, weakness of doing cinematographers as job role is that, because cinematography is about working within the camera and it is a digital equipment. Therefore, one of the issues which cinematographer might face is, sometimes, setting up the camera and other parts of the equipment can be time consuming which means it may delay entire schedule of shooting process.

Opportunities- within job role such as cinematographer. There are many opportunities to showcase their creative side. One of the opportunities, which you can have while working cinematographer is that, you can also work closely with pre- production members such as the Production Designer, Costume Designer, and the Hair and Make-up Department.

Threats – one of the issue doing job role such as cinematographer, which cinematographer may face is. Because they are a freelance worker and they must move places to place. Therefore, one of the key responsibility which they should have is pay health insurances for their themselves. Which is appropriate. However, this also indicates us that, if they face situations where they had an injury or accident while working on a set then, their crew members or the production team won’t able to provide health and safety support to them.

 

 

List of Reasons for creating infographics

one of the main reason for creating infographics is that, it allows us to take information through visualising it. Rather, than over loading our self with many written information.

It can also help to boost your social media platform, meaning you can create infographics.

Which can certainly offer a helping hand. you can include alt text, a title and a description that uses the keywords that can promote your context. Which you were creating information about.

Furthermore, it can also benefit you to condense your written information and convert into something like article which include more graphical symbol.

Additionally, infographics can also beneficial in terms generating information through sign posting. Example, including symbols depending on the topic you are discussing about.

The seven superpowers of a knockout infographic

The seven superpowers of a knockout infographic​

1. One of the aspect for creating an infographic is mainly to present a story/information.
2. One of the other element you should think about on while creating infographics would be style.
3. Furthermore, you must keep it as simple as possible, this is mainly to ensure that it flows with the storyline of your infographics.
4. Another aspect of infographic which you should know is the size of your fonts and design.
5. Similarly, another element which should be considerable while creating infographics is statistics, mainly to support your information.
6. Additionally, one of the key element that should include within a knockout infographic would be sharing your final infographics after its finished. Examples may include – providing a link to your infographics and sharing it into your social media profile.
7. Finally, a super knockout infographic should also include a reference. Which showcases all links or resources you used to create the infographic itself.

Cinematography Job role -research

Introduction

History of cinematography

In terms of history of cinematography, there wasn’t an individual who invented or created ‘cinematography’ within the film and TVs industries. However, during 1895 Lumière brothers from Paris were the first individuals who present a projected moving picture to a paying audience within December time.

In addition to that, cinematography itself for cinema has changed and developed as years passed by. In the beginning films were very short, at times they only a few minutes or less. They were shown at fairgrounds and music halls or anywhere a screen could be set up and a room darkened.

Bringing colour into cinema

Colour was first added to black-and-white movies through tinting, toning and stencilling. By 1906, the principles of colour separation were used to produce so-called ‘natural colour’ moving images with the British Kinemacolor process, first presented to the public in 1909.

The first ever attempt to include the synchronised sound to the projected pictures was mainly used by phonographic cylinders or discs. The first featured length movie incorporating synchronised dialogue, The Jazz Singer (USA/1927), used by Warner Brothers’ Vitaphone system which employed a separate record disc with each reel of film for the sound.

Furthermore, in the early 1930s, nearly many feature-length movies were presented with synchronised sound and, by the mid-1930s, few movies were made in full colour too. The advent of sound secured the dominant role of the American industry and gave rise to the so-called ‘Golden Age of Hollywood’. During the 1930s and 1940s, cinema was the principal form of popular entertainment, with people often attending cinemas twice weekly. In Britain the highest attendances occurred in 1946, with over 31 million visits to the cinema each week.

Development

First individual who bring life into cinematography’s world

One of the first individuals who bring life into cinematography’s world itself was Thomas Edison.

Who is Thomas Edison?

Thomas Edison was an American inventor and businessman, who has been described as America’s greatest inventor. He was born on the 11^th February 1847 and he died on the October 18, 1931 at the age of 84.

How does Thomas Edison play huge role in Cinematography’s World?

Thomas Edison played huge role in the world of cinematography mainly because, he was the inventor of Kinetoscope. He invented kinetoscope alongside with William Dickson. William Dickson was also an inventor. Who mainly focused into phonograph.

What is a Kinetoscope and phonograph?

Kinetoscope is a type of the motion-picture film (cinematographic) projector. Whereas on the other hand, a phonograph is a device which mainly focuses into showcasing the illusion of motion to photographs shot in sequence.

With kinetoscope, Thomas mainly focused on using the kinetoscope with perforated of 35mm film. Later in 1909 this concept was adopted as the industry standard. The picture had a height-to-width relationship, known as the aspect ratio, of 3:4 or 1:1.33. With the advent of optical sound, the aspect ratio was adjusted to 1.37:1. Although there were many experiments with `other formats there were no major changes in screen ratios until the 1950s.

Cinematography World Today

There are many different amazing cinematographers working within the film industry. However, the Top 4 well established cinematographers are Bradford Young, Claudio Miranda and Rogers Deakins, Emmanuel Lubezki.

Understanding Rogers Deakins’s working strategies (Cinematography)

One of the techniques which Rogers Deakins uses while using his camera is muslin bounce. This is one of the techniques which he developed, right from his documentary filming process. This has been showcased through see over many films, and it is amazingly picturised.

However, one of the disadvantage which Rogers Deakins may face while using this technique might it take time to setup, and you need to control a lot of spill. Therefore, he may still have the time, space or money to control the lighting as precisely as he wants it.

Furthermore, other techniques/camera lens which he preferred using is the 32mm the most, however he also uses all sorts of focal lengths depending on the project he is filming for.

5 Movies which Rogers has filmed are

• Unbroken Prisoners
• Skyfall
• In Time
• Rango
• True Grit

    Bringing Diversity into Cinematography world  

In Today’s era Cinematography as a job role itself have been developed. During early 1900’s most cinematographers were male. Whereas, now there are more female cinematographers working in the film industry.

Women accounted for just five percent of the cinematographers who worked on the top 250 highest-grossing films of 2016, and a female cinematographer has never been nominated for an Oscar. Because many women are so underrepresented in the field, recognizing and supporting their work is even more important.

Furthermore, there are more female cinematographers, making their mark on Sundance 2017.

Top 5 female cinematographers

• Mandy walkers- Hidden figures
• Kirsten Johnson- A Woman Like Me
• Nancy Schreiber- Stardust & Moonbeams
• Nicola Marsh- 20 Feet from Stardom
• Reed Morano- Frozen River.

 

 

 

 

 

References for visualisation of the media websites /infographic ‘s references

References for visualization of the media websites

• http://www.adweek.com/creativity/game-of-thrones-cinematographer-shot-this-homemade-movie-on-lgs-v30-phone/
• https://www.thecinemaholic.com/top-10-cinematographers/
• http://www.boxofficemojo.com/yearly/?sort=totaltickets&order=DESC&p=.htm
• https://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=https://www.forbes.com/sites/maddieberg/2015/11/12/everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-Hollywood-pay-gap/&refURL=&referrer=#3fe30a1f5cf1
• http://creativeskillset.org/creative_industries/film/job_roles/1756_costume_designer

 

Job Role – (cinematographers)Infographic ‘s    Bibliography

• Angela Natividad |. (25th September 2017). Game of Thrones’ Cinematographer Shot This Homemade Movie on LG’s V30 Phone. Available: http://www.adweek.com/creativity/game-of-thrones-cinematographer-shot-this-homemade-movie-on-lgs-v30-phone/. Last accessed 27th September 2017.
• Jeremy Norman. (2004–2017). The Invention of Cinematography. Available: http://www.historyofinformation.com/expanded.php?id=654. Last accessed 7th October.
• NATIONAL SCIENCE AND MEDIA MUSEUM. (ON 7 JANUARY 2011). A VERY SHORT HISTORY OF CINEMA. Available: https://blog.scienceandmediamuseum.org.uk/very-short-history-of-cinema/. Last accessed 25th October 2017.
• Allister, Ray, Friese-Greene: Close-up of an Inventor (London: Marsland, 1948)

Chanan, Michael, The Dream that Kicks (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1980)

Coe, Brian, ‘William Friese-Greene and the Origins of Cinematography’, Screen vol. 10, nos. 2-4 (1969)

• Amal Singh. (June 27, 2015). 10 Best Cinematographers Working in Hollywood Today. Available: https://www.thecinemaholic.com/top-10-cinematographers/. Last accessed 27th OCTOBER 2017.

Research Methods for identifying different informations about the film industry itself and their careers.

Research Methods

What is research methods ?

Research methods are very relevant when it comes to investigating  into certain topics or  finding piece of  key information. This is because it allow us to provide informations clearly with details including facts and figures or real life scenarios.

There are different types of research methods which everyone can use to find informations and they are –

•   interviews- primary/qualitative
•  Printed media books/qualitative,quantitative and secondary
• internet-secondary/ quantitative
•   web/big data analytics-secondary and quantitative
• Focus groups-qualitative/quantitative and primary
• surveys/questionnaires-
•  Radio/TV/Film
• Recorded observations
• Taking photographs
• Ethnography

The advantages and disadvantages of using different types of research methods.

• interviews- primary/qualitative

one of the advantages of having interviews as a research method is that, it is full of obtained information and they are opinion based which means you have an option to analyse different answers to your questions while evaluating your answers.

However, the disadvantage of having interviews as a research method is that, interviews can be very time-consuming meaning that it can take time while analysing the information and statistics, setting up the interviews itself as well as feedbacking. They can be costly. For instance, while interviewing a public figures producer might have to pay them certain amount of money before interview is began.

• Printed media books/qualitative, quantitative and secondary

One of the advantages of having printed media books as a research method is that, printed books can have contained more detailed information which often includes real researched facts and figures. However, one of the disadvantages of using printed media books as research tool is that, certain book’s information and figures can be old information. Therefore, it may not be helpful enough if you wanted to use and include those information and figures as a reference to your new research.

• internet-secondary/ quantitative

one of the advantages of having internet as a research tool is that, it is quicker and easier way to find any information about any topic you intended to research on.

But on the other hand, one of the disadvantages of using internet as a research tool to research is that, it provides a huge amount of information. In due to this course, it can easily get confused with this infinite amount of titles, texts and abstracts

• Web/big data analytics-secondary and quantitative

one of the advantages of using web/big data is that, it can allow research over some of online data information such as blog posts, pages as well social media like Facebook, twitter and you can research over their analytics resources like their number of sessions and number of their inexperienced users, number of organic users.

However, the disadvantages of using web/big analytics is that, it can be very time consuming while research analysing these web analytics and sometimes setting up can lead to data loss and you can’t go back in time, if you make a mistake with your tagging you have a hole in your data.

• Focus groups-qualitative/quantitative and primary

one of the advantages using focus group as research methods is that they are useful to obtain detailed information about personal and group feelings, perceptions and opinions as well as it can save time and money compared to individual interviews.

 

However, one of the disadvantages having focus group as research methods is that, there can be disagreements and irrelevant discussion as well as they can be distract from the focus group.

• surveys/questionnaires- quantitative, primary

one of the advantages of having survey/questionnaires is that, it is quicker and effortless way to collect results with online and mobile tools. This means people can gain knowledge in as in lesser time as in 24 hours and depending on the scale, reach of many questionnaires.

one of the disadvantages of having survey/questionnaires is that. Sometimes, you must come up with creative questions and you can’t include open answer and questions. Which means people can’t give you details answer.

 

• Radio/TV/Film- secondary/qualitative

One of the advantages of including radio/tv/ film as research tool is that these entertainment industries produces information which are always updated which means you can always research into old history information to news updates anytime and anywhere.

However, the disadvantages of including radio/tv and film as research tool is that. Sometimes the information which you collect through research resources like tv/radio and films can include more friction/made scenario which might seems like relevant facts or important piece of information. However, it is only included into that tv show/radio programme and film mainly for entertaining purpose or keep the audience feel engaged.

• Recorded observations- Qualitative and data/primary

One of the advantages of having recorded observation as research methods is that. They can very useful in terms of understanding the verbal response more efficiently from people you are recording observations about or dictating information.

Whereas in the other hand, the disadvantages of using recorded observation as research tool is that. It can be very time consuming when it comes to evaluating information and do independent study to upon the recorded observation which you have finished recently.

• Taking photographs- primary/qualitative

There are many beneficial reasons why having photographs as a research tool. This is because then you can visually see an evidence of what you are searching into as well as have a clear information also photos can be very helpful when come to showcasing information.

However, the disadvantage of taking photographs is that, sometimes people can create a duplicate copy of the information which you have gathered. In addition to you might face technical issues with the camera or equipment you are using to the take photos. Therefore, it may not be helpful when it comes to presenting your evidence through research you have done.

• Ethnography- primary/quantitative

One of the benefits of including ethnography as research tool is. they can be very helpful research when it comes to specifying a research into different people and their family history.

However, the issues within doing an ethnography research is that. Sometimes people might not allow themselves to tell or explore more information about their background due to religious restriction legislation.

Alternatively, within my case. There are different types of Research methods which i  could use for my research ,which is identifying information like  roles and responsibility aspects of  a particular job role called  ‘Cinematographer’ mainly working in film industry.

Therefore,the main research tools,which i will be using for my investigation about cinematography would be interviews, recorded observations and the internet.